Magnetic Motor Theory

Magnetic Motor Theory

Casey Rodgers

3/29/10

The magnetic motor theory presented utilizes the idea of constant attractive/repulsive effects to create torque in a gear-like fashion which is similar to an AC motor. Energy is conserved by a resonant speed that is conserving momentum and energy by creating motion of the rotor and stators. When the system is not moving the attractive fields hold the rotor in place. When the rotor is given an initial speed, the kinetic energy plus the magnetic field energy is creating a resonant velocity. Thus the movement of the particles associated with the fields of the magnets, are conserving the constant kinetic and magnetic energies because they become part of the magnetic fields linking up from rotor to stator. This means that the coefficient of performance is very high.

figure 1

The schematic of the motor is seen in figure 1 and shows that if rotor turns, the stators will turn. Also if the Rotor turns 1/8 of a cycle, then the stators will have 1 full cycle. Notice that the stators will have an overall attractive force but if the key stator is spun in the same direction there will be an overall repulsive force which will allow a relatively smooth torque. At a physics forum (www.advancedphysics.org/forum) a subscriber named the_blob_inc, put the situation very simply, “my best guess is that once the magnets on the outside reach the right rotational harmonic resonance, they allow for friction within the central disk to be converted into a forward biased force as compared to drag.

as the outside magnets will have the tendency to try and line up rotational harmonics, this will in turn cause any slowing down motion of the central disk (due to friction) to try and balance out with the exterior acting force of the already synced up magnets.

it's more or less a “self priming, magneto-mechanical transducer”

whereby it converts rotational mechanical energy into a rotating magnetic field, it's still a degenerative system, but in this case some of the frictional forces are converted to the exterior acting field which then pushes back in an attempt to compensate for being out of sync of the central disk.”

In my theory I will show that the ratio of magnetic force energy to the momentum is the speed of light, which is why there might be a forward biased force as compared to drag as he put it.

To understand how this is possible let us first look at the DNA - like structure of the magnetic field which is a new theory discussed by Frederick Tombe. Tombe says that the vector A which is called the magnetic vector potential should be thought of as the momentum per unit volume. He also says to think of A as representing both electric and gravitational current

F = ∂A/∂t − v×B + grad(A.v) eq[1]

Where Curl A = B, v= velocity, F=force on the particle and B= magnetic field. The first term on the right side of equation 1 represents the imparted acceleration from the magnetic pressure. The second term represents the gyroscopic and Coriolis force. The third term represents a radial pressure associated with centrifugal force which in Tombes theory is the basis of light.

When the force is curled we see that there is an induction like magnetic term which is the created magnetic field of the spinning dipoles.

curl F = ∂B/∂t + (v. grad)B = dB/dt

The theory works by describing the simple harmonic motion around an axis of electrons and positrons. This creates a magnetic field whose lines of flux are the axis of rotation for the particles. The elasticity of the dipole will be described as Hooke’s law,

R = − 4πK²h eq[2]

Where R=electromotive force, K=the dielectric constant, and h= the displacement. The transverse kinetic energy of the particles will equal the maximum simple harmonic linear kinetic energy as resolved along the diameter. This is then the maximum potential energy obtained from Hooke’s law.

mv² = 2πK²h² eq[3]

and hence,

v² = 2K²/μ eq[4]

Where m=mass, v=velocity, and μ= magnetic permeability. From “escape velocity” theory we see that amount of energy required to undo this rotation is 1.02 MeV coming from gamma rays which is equal to 2mc². Thus,

v² = 2c² eq[5]

The reason for this analysis of the electron –positron spin is because a very important experiment to this theory which is summed up in the abstract of the article:

“In 1856, Weber and Kohlrausch performed an experiment with a Leyden jar which showed that the ratio of the quantity of electricity when measured statically, to the same quantity of electricity when measured electrodynamically, is numerically equal to the directly measured speed of light. In 1861, in his paper entitled ‘On Physical Lines of Force’, James Clerk-Maxwell equated the above ratio with the ratio of the dielectric constant to the magnetic permeability. In the same paper, Maxwell modelled Faraday’s magnetic lines of force using a sea of molecular vortices that were composed partly of aether and partly of ordinary matter. He linked the dielectric constant to the transverse elasticity of this vortex sea, and he linked the magnetic permeability to the density. Since Newton’s equation for the speed of sound involves the ratio of the transverse elasticity to the density, Maxwell was able to insert the 1856 Weber/Kohlrausch ratio into this equation and show that light is a wave in the same medium that is the cause of electric and magnetic phenomena. It will now be suggested that Maxwell’s molecular vortices are more accurately represented by rotating electron-positron dipoles that are aligned in a double helix fashion with their mutual rotation axes tracing out the magnetic lines of force.”

In Tombe’s paper he shows how the velocity of these particles can be described via Maxwell, as the equivalent to Newton’s equation for the speed of sound. This means that the velocity of light is the circumferential speed of the rotating electron-positron dipoles. The frequency of gamma radiation indicates that the radius of the dipoles is around a thousandth of an inch. This makes sense in that if the electrons and positrons are spinning so fast it takes a lot of energy to break electric bonds and the diameter being so small it can interact with the spin of the mass. The radiation of this kind then has to do with the spin of the particles via Keplers areal law of motion which Tombe show relates to the magnetic field as well.

We won’t bother ourselves with the idea of aether because we are dealing with magnetic fields, so we can determine A and B without it. The magnetic pressure relates to the energy density the field contains. The magnetic field can produce a pressure which is related to force by the area. Thus the equation becomes,

Where S= area, F_B= force of magnetic pressure, P_B= magnetic pressure. This represents the interactions of the magnets in terms of force. When integrated we get:

eq[6]

Light is felt as a force by objects and Maxwell calculated the force associated with radiation pressure to be,

F = dp/dt = (1/c)dE/dt eq[7]

This is the equation that describes the Weber-Kohlrausch experiment. I’m going to show that this equation described the motors force of momentum (left side of equation) is equal to the force of the magnetic pressure energy (the right side). I will examine the momentum in terms of tangential velocity so (p=mv) and the angular velocity (p=omega*tau). Also tau= radius cross force, where tau = torque. Now taking the energy associated with a kinetic energy and solving for the momentum due to the magnetic force we have,

and,

Hence,

, or eq[8]

This is what I propose is the resonant tangential-instantaneous velocity that is a result of the magnetic force across the circumference with a mass. The reason why I propose this works is because magnetic forces act. If v and c are switched it shows that the ration of the magnetic energy over the energy of momentum is the speed of light which is experimentally shown by the Weber- Kohlrausch experiment. Thus we see this relation in the motor give by,

Now I will derive the velocity a different way to show how this relates to the motor. Let us describe the situation from the law of conservation of momentum and see what the resonant velocity is. I am assuming the velocity of the stator is 8 times the rotor and that the mass of the rotor is 8 times the stators mass. With this we see that if (8m*v)rotor=(m*8v)stator then,

Vr=(Ms*8Vs)/8Mr eq[9] And by substituting Ms and Vs into equation 8 we obtain,

When integrated reveals,
, or eq[9]

The energy is not perpetual and will slow down when the magnetic field looses energy over time, when the gyroscopic, Coriolis forces, and uneven mass distribution or rotation slowly detract from momentum. This shows that the speed resonant speed is due to the Hooke’s law energy of the magnetic field over the momentum of the stator times the conversion of the frictional force. To relate this to the DNA-like magnetic fields discussed earlier we see that momentum is conserved not only in the mass of the entire motor but the masses linked to the magnetic fields which in a sense use the torsion of the electron-positrons to conserve momentum. The Hooke’s law of the electron-positron dipole then allows us to use some of its 1.02MeV energy potential to create a constant torque using the magnetic fields.

When looking at the YouTube video of the motor we see the rotor reaches a resonant frequency where all stators are spinning. This first resonant frequency then changes to another when the stator magnets are stopped but the key stator still spins. This seems odd but actually has to do with a very interesting effect seen by another magnetic motor with a similar characteristic. This is by K. Pullo who modeled his motor on the computer 2-D finite magnetic program called FEMM. This model clearly shows that if the momentum is high enough the oppositions to movement can be proportionally lowered and the field can actually create a constant torque with the right geometry. This is seen in figure 2, a drawing that he made:

figure 2

This shows that when the magnets are perpendicular and one is moving an impulse of force will be experienced and two oppositions to that force for every cycle past the two motionless stators in figure 1. The left arrows indicate opposition to movement and the right in harmony with the movement. Here is the model he made of a magnet with a specific velocity using FEMM:

figures 3&4

His analysis shows that the magnetic field lines are bent in the process of creating a velocity in this type of setup. This idea is then what steps the motor up to the second resonant velocity which could be calculated when velocity of the stators cease, the magnetic fields change because there is a changing magnetic pressure as the peaks of opposition and attraction seen in figure 2. The real reason the resonant velocity goes up is in equation 10 which shows the momentum of 2 of the stators changes so mass of the stators goes down. This is because now the 2 stators are not moving which means the momentum of 2 stators is no longer true because of the missing velocity.

This type of force is seen in K. Pullo’s model of the torque which is wave-like. Therefore the rotor speeds up because it now is the RMS average of the wave-like magnetic force which also increases the velocity because the stator magnets exhibit the force shown by K. Pullo and the key stator then has to balance this wave which keeps the rotor stable enough for the second frequency.

In conclusion the magnetic motor works because of the idea that there is potential energy stored is the magnetic field which can be described using the energy density equation. This is because of the input energy of heat and current in creating the magnetic field in the first place. This potential energy is dissipated through momentum and so the Maxwell-derived equation 7 is the equation that relates the conservation of momentum to the dissipating energy of the magnets.

Sources:

- The Double Helix Theory of the Magnetic field, Frederick Tombe, Feb. 15^th 2006

http://www.wbabin.net/science/tombe.pdf

- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYcjjSfiNNE

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_pressure

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy

- http://mmmgroup.altervista.org/e-magnet.html

- University Physics, 12^th edition, Young et.al. Pearson, 2008